2009년 1학기 행정학영어강독 중간시험과제물 A형(교재209~213쪽 요약)

목차

교재 209~213쪽(15행)을 해석하고, 그 내용의 요지를 기술하시오. 1. 교재 209~213쪽(15행) 본문(영문)수록 2. 교재 전체해석 3. 교재 내용 요약

본문내용

Retrospective and Prospective Analysis Prospective policy analysis involves the production and transformation of information before policy actions are taken. This form of ex ante analysis, shown as the right half of Figure 6.2, typifies the operating styles of economists, systems analysts, operations researchers, and decision analysts. The prospective from of analysis is what Williams means by policy analysis. It is a means of synthesizing information to draw from it policy alternatives and preferences stated in comparable, predicted quantitative and qualitative terms as a basis or guide for policy decision; conceptually it does not include the gathering of information. Policy research, by contrast, refers to all studies using scientific methodologies to describe phenomena and /or determine relationships among them. Prospective analysis often creates wide gaps between preferred solutions and actual efforts to implement them. Allison estimates that no more than 10 percent of the work actually required to achieve a desired set of policy outcomes is carries out before policies are implemented. It is not that we have too many good analytic solutions to problems. It is, rather, that we have more good solutions than we have appropriate actions. - 중략- [본문 요약] 미래지향적 정책분석은 정책행위가 시작되기 이전에 정보의 생산과 전환이 이루어지는 것을 의미하고, 이러한 사전적 분석은 경제학자, 체제분석가, OR연구자, 의사결정 분석가들의 분석 스타일을 나타낸다. 과거지향적 정책분석은 정책이 집행된 이후에 정보의 생산과 전환이 이루어지는 것을 의미하고, - 중략-