심리사회모델 이론요약(사회복지실천기술론, 설진화, 양서원)

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심리사회모델 이론요약(사회복지실천기술론, 설진화, 양서원)에 대한 보고서 자료입니다.

목차

사회복지실천과 심리사회모델
1. 심리사회 모델의 철학··························································· 3
1) 정신분석학······································································· 3
2) 자아심리학······································································· 3
3) 생태체계이론···································································· 3
4) 역할이론·········································································· 3
5) 의사소통이론···································································· 3

2. 심리사회모델의 개요와 기본개념············································· 4
1) 개요··············································································· 4
2) 기본개념·········································································· 4
(1) 수 용············································································ 4
(2) 자기지시/자기결정···························································· 4
(3) 전문적 관계형성······························································ 4

3. 개입목표와 과정·································································· 4
1) 개입목표·········································································· 4
2) 개입과정·········································································· 5
(1) 초기단계······································································· 5
(2) 심리사회적 사정과 진단단계·············································· 5
(3) 개입단계······································································· 5
(4) 종결단계······································································· 5

4. 개입기법·········································································· 6
1) 직접적 개입기법······························································· 6
(1) 지지하기······································································ 6
(2) 직접적 영향주기···························································· 6
(3) 탐색-기술-환기······························································ 6
(4) 개인-상황과의 관계에 관한 반영하기·································· 6
(5) 유형-역동성에 대한 반영·················································

본문내용

발생할 수도 있는 정서적충격, 즉 일종의 분리불안을 최소화할 수 있도록, 지금까지 형성된 관계 및 감정을 다루어 주고 정리할 수 있도록 도와주는 등 모든 노력을 기울여야 한다. 또한 사회복지사 자신의 지식과 기술에 대한 자기성찰 등이 필요하다.
4. 개입기법
1) 직접적 개입기법
클라이언트의 심리 내적 변화를 추구
(1) 지지하기(클라이언트의 감정과 행동 지지하기)
클라이언트와 원조관계수립, 언어적, 비언어적 의사소통전달
기법으로 경청, 수용, 격려, 불안이나 죄책감에 대한 재보증, 신뢰감의 표현, 선물 주기 등이 있다.
(2) 직접적 영향주기(문제를 해결하기 위해 직접 영향 주기)
클라이언트의 사회생활기능에 있어 장애가 되는 요인을 제거
클라이언트와 강한 신뢰관계가 수립되었을 때, 클라이언트에 대해 충분한 지식을 가지고 있을 때 사용한다.
직접적 영향주기기법은 클라이언트 자신의 제안을 격려하고 강화하기, 현실적 제한 설정하기, 직접적 조언하기, 옹호적 행동하기 등이 있다.
(3) 탐색-기술-환기(클라이언트 자신의 감정을 탐색하고 기술할 수 있도록 도와주고, 환기법 사용하기)
진단적 이해와 함께 환기에 의한 긴장완화를 시도한다.
클라이언트가 자신의 상황과 자신과 주변 사회환경의 상호작용에 대한 사실과 그와 관련된 감정을 표출하여 감정정화를 경험하고 긴장이 완화되도록 도와주는 기법이다.
기법은 초점 잡아 주기, 부분화하기, 화제 전환하기 등이 있다.
(4) 개인-상황과의 관계에 관한 반영하기(클라이언트를 상황속의 인간이라는 관점에서 반영하기)
클라이언트가 잘못 이해하고 있는 내용들을 현실적으로 파악하게 한다.
클라이언트를 둘러싼 현재 혹은 최근 사건에 대해 반영을 하는 것으로 심리사회모델의 핵심기법이다.
기법은 논리적 토의 및 추론, 설명, 일반화, 행동시연, 역할극, 강화, 명확화, 직면, 요약, 옹호, 교육 등이 있다.
(5) 유형-역동성에 대한 반영(클라이언트의 성격과 행동, 심리 내적 역동에 대해 반영하기)
클라이언트의 행동경향, 클라이언트로 하여금 어떤 특정 행위에 이르게끔 하는 생각이나 감정의 유형, 또는 사건에 대한 생각들을 클라이언트 스스로 찾아낼 수 있도록 도와주는 기법이다.
기법으로 명확화, 해석, 통찰의 개발 등이 있다.
(6) 발달적 반영(클라이언트의 사회적 기능수행에 영향을 주는 과거와 현재의 경험을 반영하기)
변화를 위해 유년기의 문제와 현재 행동과의 인과관계를 클라이언트에게 자각하게 한다.
기법은 명확화, 해석, 통찰의 개발, 논리적 토의 및 추론, 설명,
일반화, 행동시연, 역할극, 강화, 명확화, 옹호, 직면, 요약, 교육 등이 있다.
2) 간접적 개입기법(환경 조정하기)
클라이언트를 둘러싼 사회환경에 관련된 문제를 해결한다.
클라이언트의 대인관계에 개입하거나 사회환경적 변화를 추구하는 활동이다. 클라이언트의 신상에 대한 비밀보장과 클라이언트의 자기결정과 그에 따른 클라이언트의 책임성을 들 수 있다.
기법은 직접적 개입기법이 활용된다.
참고문헌
설진화, 2011, [사회복지실천기술론] 파주 : 양서원.

키워드

심리사회모델,   사회복지실천기술론,   설진화,   양서원