An Introduction to Language Chapter 3 Morphology 요약

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An Introduction to Language Chapter 3 Morphology 요약에 대한 보고서 자료입니다.

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Chapter 3 Morphology : The Words of Language
◉ Content Words and Function Words
◉ Morphemes : The Minimal Units of Meaning

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rule of plural formation. Irregular, or suppletive, forms are treated separately in the grammar. That is, one cannot use the regular rules of inflectional morphology to add affixes to words that are exceptions like child/children, but must replace the noninflected form with another word.
Morphology and Syntax
Some grammatical relations can be expressed either inflectionally (morphologically) or syntactically (as part of the sentence structure).
: England's queen is Elizabeth II. The Queen of England is Elizabeth II.
Inflectional morphemes mark categories like number (singular vs. plural), gender (masculine vs. feminine vs. neuter vs...), case (nominative vs. accusative (subject vs. objects)), tense (present, past, future) and aspect (repeated actions, states, progressive etc.), voice (active, passive middle), and mood (indicative, subjunctive, imperative, etc.)
Case-marking is a change in a noun (say through affixation) to indicate the grammatical function of the noun, whether it is the subject, direct object, indirect object, and possibly other functions as well. In English, this is only overtly seen in the pronouns, I (subject), me (object), my (possessor). In other languages, the nouns are overtly marked.
Morphological Analysis: Identifying Morphemes
To determine what the morphemes are in paradigms of forms, the first thing a field linguist would do is to see if some forms mean the same thing in different words.
Adjective
Meaning
ugly
"very unattractive"
uglier
"more ugly"
ugliest
"most ugly"
pretty
"nice looking"
prettier
"more nice looking"
prettiest
"most nice looking"
tall
"large in height"
taller
"more tall"
tallest
"most tall"
Morphemes classification
ugly, pretty, tall : root morpheme
-er : bound morpheme "comparative"
-est : bound morpheme "superlative"

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영어학개론,   An introduction to language,   Morphology,   Chapter3,   형태론,   언어학개론