Russia was the only country that had maintained official relationship with Qing Empire based upon equal treaties until mid-19th century However, most of leading Qing officials considered Russia as the most dangerous foreign power since 1858-60, when Russia started territorial aggressions against Qing Qing view of Russia showed drastic changes in a short period from 1895..
The philosophy of Lao-tzu start not from the theoretical analysis of metaphysical Tao (Գ) but from the reflection of concrete reality His idea of WuWei() proposed in the cultural background of the period in which he lived What he especially noticed are the idea of artificiality() and fabrication() Fabrication is the cause making human life unnatural and restr..
к(ݻ) : ״- (manju gurun) å, 1599-1796
