장기이식의 문제점

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장기이식의 문제점에 대한 보고서 자료입니다.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말

Ⅱ. 본론
A. 동의
B. 뇌사판정 문제
C. 장기 분배의 문제: HOPO(Hospital-based Organ Procurement Organization)에 우선권을 주는 문제
D. 살아 있는 자(생체) 이식 시 순수성 평가 방식의 문제

Ⅲ. 결언

본문내용

자 장기기증 금지, 순수성 평가와 강압성의 우려에 대한 제도적인 확인 방법이 강화, 윤리 위원회, 공인되고 정보에 근거한 윤리적인 동의서(informed consent), 기증자에 대한 처우 개선이 법적으로 보장되어 있어야 한다.
이상의 문제점을 개선하는 것은 하나의 결단이다. 문제점 해결의 실마리는 국가가 인식하는 것이며, 이것은 수만의 이식 대기자들의 삶의 질과 많은 부담감을 가진 가족들의 삶의 질이 높아지는 것은 물론 말기 장기부전 질환자들에게 소요되는 비용(혈액투석 등)을 생각할 때 경제적으로도 도움을 주게 될 것이다. 그러므로 장기 이식이 진정한 의미에서 “장기 등 기증자들의 이웃에 대한 사랑과 희생정신이 항구히 존중(장기등이식에관한법률 제2조)”되도록 국가는 장기이식과 관련된 여러 분야의 의견들을 종합하여 철학적, 윤리적, 법적, 의학적인 면에서 공통으로 취할 수 있는 실용적인 법안을 계속해서 만들어 나가야 할 것이다.
색인어 : 장기등이식에관한법률, 동의, 뇌사판정, 생체장기이식
= ABSTRACT =
A Study of the Improvements to the Human Organ Transplantation Law
HAN Sung-Suk ,* HONG, Hyun-Ja ,** CHUN Hee-Ok**
Purpose: On 18 March 2003, The Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare revised the Human Organ Transplantation Law, which was enacted to save lives and improve the quality of life of organ recipients. The present study was conducted to examine those revisions and make suggestions for further changes to the law.
Methods : First, the problematic aspects of the law, such as the determination of brain death, the obtaining of informed consent, the allocation of the organs, and the practice of living organ donations, were first identified. Secondly, these aspects of the law were then examined and criticized in light of the organ transplantation laws in foreign countries. Thirdly, efforts to improve the law were described.
Results: 1) The law should make it clear that when consent from the organ donor is impossible, consent should be obtained from the donor's guardian or the person living with the donnor. 2) In order to avoid delays in decisions concerning organ transplantation, the current organization and role of the Brain Death Determination Committee should be re-considered. 3) In the allocation of human organs and selection of organ recipients, giving priorities to the HOPO (Hospital-based Organ Procurement Organization) is not the best way to increase the number of human organ transplantations. A method is needed to increase the objectivity and justice in human organ allocation. 4) The law should be more specific in defining "living organ donations" and the role of the Hospital Ethics Committee. The law should also clearly prohibit the sale of human organs and the donation of organs from minors.
Conclusion: This study provides four recommendations for improvements to the current Human Organ Transplantation Law. First, autonomous consent must be respected in donation. Second, brain death should be determinated clearly and precisely by means of a simple process. Third, organs should be allocated fairly. Fourth, living donations should be encouraged.
Key Wards : Organ Transplantation Law, consent, determination of brain death, living organ donation
_____________________________________________________________________________________
* The Catholic University of Korea College of Nursing,
** Researcher of Organ Transplantation Unit, Kang Nam St. Mary's Hospital,
*** Organ Transplantation Center, Kang Nam St. Mary's Hospital

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