본문내용
and poverty?" (Leo 19).
또한 파커 교수(Geoffrey Parker)는 "서양 문명의 주요 수출품은 폭력이다"라고 힐난 하였다(Leo 19). 스탠퍼드와 예일, 이 두 대학의 경우에서 알 수 있듯이 인간이 서양 인문주의 전통을 통하여 자신을 고양시킬 수 있다는 벨로우적 생각은 이미 벼랑 끝에 서 있다. 그리고 이것은 『학생처장의 12월』에 나오는 주인공 알버트 코드가 한 말에서 더욱 분명해진다.
이러한 부류의 비정상적이고, 교수나 다루는 플라톤과 아리스토텔레스에 관한 것들은 죽은 입맞춤이다. (102)
이 모든 것을 종합해 볼 때 벨로우의 소설에 등장하는 지식인들이 미국 사회에서 소외되는 것은 당연한 귀결이다.
인용문헌
Atlas, James. Delmore Schwartz: The Life of an American Poet. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1977.
Auden, W. H. "Henry James and the Artist in America." Harper's Magazine July 1948: 36-40.
Barber, Benjamin R. An Aristocracy of Everyone: The Politics of Education and the Future of America. New York: Oxford UP, 1994.
Bellow, Saul. The Dean's December. New York: Penguin Books, 1998.
. Foreword. The Closing of the American Mind. By Allan Bloom. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1988. 11-18.
. Foreword. The Revolt of the Masses. By Jose Ortega Y Gasset. Trans. Anthony Kerrigan. Ed. Kenneth Moore. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1985. ix-xiii.
. Herzog. New York: Penguin Books, 1996.
. Humboldt's Gift. New York: Penguin Books, 1996.
. It All Adds Up: From the Dim Past to the Uncertain Future. New York: Penguin Books, 1995.
. "A World Too Much with Us." Critical Inquiry 2.1 (1975): 1-9.
Benda, Julien. The treason of the Intellectuals. Trans. Richard Aldington. New York: W. W. Norton, 1969.
Benjamin, Walter. "Eduard Fuchs: Collector and Historian." 1937. The Essential Frankfurt School Reader. Ed. Andrew Arato & Eike Gebhardt. New York: Continum, 1997. 225-253.
. Illuminations. Trans. Harry Zohn. Ed. Hannah Arendt. New York: Schocken Books, 1969.
Grover, Jan Zita. "Aids, Keywords, and Cultural Work." Cultural Studies. Eds. Lawrence Grossberg, Cary Nelson, and Paula Treichler. New York: Routledge, 1992. 227-39.
Hofstadter, Richard. Anti-intellectualism in American Life. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1966.
Hutchins, Robert M. Great Books: The Foundation of a Liberal Education. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1954.
Lasch, Christopher. The Culture of Narcissism: American Life in an Age of Diminishing Expectations. New York: W. W. Norton, 1991.
Leo, John. "How the West was Lost at Yale." U. S. News & World Report 3 April 1995: 19.
Levine, Lawrence W. The Opening of the American Mind: Canons, Culture, and History. Boston: Beacon Press, 1996.
Lindenberger, Herbert. "The Western Culture Debate at Stanford University." Comparative Criticism: A Yearbook 11 (1989): 225-34.
Marcuse, Herbert. One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society. Boston: Beacon Press, 1991.
Ortega Y Gasset, Jose. The Revolt of the Masses. Trans. Anthony Kerrigan. Ed. Kenneth Moore. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1985.
Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America. Trans. George Lawrence. Ed. J. P. Mayer. New York: Harper Perennial, 1988.
What is Fundamental? Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
Williams, Raymond. The Long Revolution. New York: Columbia UP, 1961.
또한 파커 교수(Geoffrey Parker)는 "서양 문명의 주요 수출품은 폭력이다"라고 힐난 하였다(Leo 19). 스탠퍼드와 예일, 이 두 대학의 경우에서 알 수 있듯이 인간이 서양 인문주의 전통을 통하여 자신을 고양시킬 수 있다는 벨로우적 생각은 이미 벼랑 끝에 서 있다. 그리고 이것은 『학생처장의 12월』에 나오는 주인공 알버트 코드가 한 말에서 더욱 분명해진다.
이러한 부류의 비정상적이고, 교수나 다루는 플라톤과 아리스토텔레스에 관한 것들은 죽은 입맞춤이다. (102)
이 모든 것을 종합해 볼 때 벨로우의 소설에 등장하는 지식인들이 미국 사회에서 소외되는 것은 당연한 귀결이다.
인용문헌
Atlas, James. Delmore Schwartz: The Life of an American Poet. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1977.
Auden, W. H. "Henry James and the Artist in America." Harper's Magazine July 1948: 36-40.
Barber, Benjamin R. An Aristocracy of Everyone: The Politics of Education and the Future of America. New York: Oxford UP, 1994.
Bellow, Saul. The Dean's December. New York: Penguin Books, 1998.
. Foreword. The Closing of the American Mind. By Allan Bloom. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1988. 11-18.
. Foreword. The Revolt of the Masses. By Jose Ortega Y Gasset. Trans. Anthony Kerrigan. Ed. Kenneth Moore. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1985. ix-xiii.
. Herzog. New York: Penguin Books, 1996.
. Humboldt's Gift. New York: Penguin Books, 1996.
. It All Adds Up: From the Dim Past to the Uncertain Future. New York: Penguin Books, 1995.
. "A World Too Much with Us." Critical Inquiry 2.1 (1975): 1-9.
Benda, Julien. The treason of the Intellectuals. Trans. Richard Aldington. New York: W. W. Norton, 1969.
Benjamin, Walter. "Eduard Fuchs: Collector and Historian." 1937. The Essential Frankfurt School Reader. Ed. Andrew Arato & Eike Gebhardt. New York: Continum, 1997. 225-253.
. Illuminations. Trans. Harry Zohn. Ed. Hannah Arendt. New York: Schocken Books, 1969.
Grover, Jan Zita. "Aids, Keywords, and Cultural Work." Cultural Studies. Eds. Lawrence Grossberg, Cary Nelson, and Paula Treichler. New York: Routledge, 1992. 227-39.
Hofstadter, Richard. Anti-intellectualism in American Life. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1966.
Hutchins, Robert M. Great Books: The Foundation of a Liberal Education. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1954.
Lasch, Christopher. The Culture of Narcissism: American Life in an Age of Diminishing Expectations. New York: W. W. Norton, 1991.
Leo, John. "How the West was Lost at Yale." U. S. News & World Report 3 April 1995: 19.
Levine, Lawrence W. The Opening of the American Mind: Canons, Culture, and History. Boston: Beacon Press, 1996.
Lindenberger, Herbert. "The Western Culture Debate at Stanford University." Comparative Criticism: A Yearbook 11 (1989): 225-34.
Marcuse, Herbert. One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society. Boston: Beacon Press, 1991.
Ortega Y Gasset, Jose. The Revolt of the Masses. Trans. Anthony Kerrigan. Ed. Kenneth Moore. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1985.
Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America. Trans. George Lawrence. Ed. J. P. Mayer. New York: Harper Perennial, 1988.
What is Fundamental? Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
Williams, Raymond. The Long Revolution. New York: Columbia UP, 1961.