Molecular biology 1(독해함)

목차

Relationship to other biological sciences

Central dogma of molecular biology

Biological sequence information

DNA replication

Transcription

Translation

Reverse transcription

RNA replication

Direct translation from DNA to protein

Techniques of molecular biology

Expression cloning

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

PCR principles and procedure

본문내용

th of time they are applied in each cycle depend on a variety of parameters.
사용되는 온도와 이들의 각 주기에 적용되는 시간의 길이는 다양한 매개 변수에 의존한다.
These include the enzyme used for DNA synthesis, the concentration of divalent ions and dNTPs in the reaction, and the melting temperature (Tm) of the primers.
이들의 프라이머의 DNA 합성의 반응에 2가 이온, dNTPs의 농도, 프라이머의 용해 온도(Tm)가 사용된다.
Initialization step: This step consists of heating the reaction to a temperature of 9496 °C (or 98 °C if extremely thermostable polymerases are used), which is held for 19 minutes.
개시단계: 이 단계는 1-9분 정도 94-96°C의 온도로 가열하는 열 작용 단계이다.
Denaturation step: This step is the first regular cycling event and consists of heating the reaction to 9498 °C for 2030 seconds.
변성단계:
It causes DNA melting of the DNA template by disrupting the hydrogen bonds between complementary bases, yielding single-stranded DNA molecules.
이것은 상보적인 염기 사이의 수소결합을 끊음으로써 DNA 주형의 용해의 원인이 되고, 단일 가닥 DNA 분자를 많이 얻는 단계이다.
Annealing step: The reaction temperature is lowered to 5065 °C for 2040 seconds allowing annealing of the primers to the single-stranded DNA template.
재결합단계: 반응온도는 20-40초 동안 50-65°C로 낮추는 것은 단일 가닥 DNA 주형을 위한 프라이머의 풀림을 허락한다.
Typically the annealing temperature is about 3-5 degrees Celsius below the Tm of the primers used. Stable DNA-DNA hydrogen bonds are only formed when the primer sequence very closely matches the template sequence. The polymerase binds to the primer-template hybrid and begins DNA synthesis.
Extension/elongation step: The temperature at this step depends on the DNA polymerase used; Taq polymerase has its optimum activity temperature at 7580 °C, and commonly a temperature of 72 °C is used with this enzyme. At this step the DNA polymerase synthesizes a new DNA strand complementary to the DNA template strand by adding dNTPs that are complementary to the template in 5' to 3' direction.
신장단계:
Final elongation: This single step is occasionally performed at a temperature of 7074 °C for 515 minutes after the last PCR cycle to ensure that any remaining single-stranded DNA is fully extended.
최종 신장단계:
Final hold: This step at 415 °C for an indefinite time may be employed for short-term storage of the reaction.
최종 묶음단계:

키워드

분자생물학,   분자생물독해,   독해,   영어,   전공영어,   생물,   시험대비,   시험