[예비 / 결과레포트] 증류탑 실험

소개글

[예비 / 결과레포트] 증류탑 실험에 대한 보고서 자료입니다.

목차

1. Objective
2. Theory
3. Apparatus
4. Procedure
5. Attention
6. Results
7. Discussion
8. Reference

본문내용

to calculate more efficiently. When we use this method, we don't need to solve material balances at each trays. However there are many graphical errors. We found that tray number is seven, but actually the tray number is eight. So we should consider factor of errors. There are some reasons of errors.
① The mol fraction is very sensitive. So there are numerical errors. As we round off the value, fraction can be changed greatly. So It depends on how we solve the material balance. Actually, The weight is changed in rage of 1g, the mol fraction is changed in rage of 10%. Although we use the average value, the mol fraction isn't absolute value.
② It is possible that steady state condition didn't be maintained. The steady state condition is very important in this experiment. Expecially, the reflux ratio must be constant during working. Because it determines the slope of ROL, and slope of operating is connected to number of tray. And reaching to steady state means that the vapor and liquid approach to equilibrium state sufficiently. So the separation is accomplished efficiently and we can get a constant weight of product. However there were some differences whenever we try the products.
③ Measuring errors exist. There are two possible major reasons. They are error in measuring the time, and steady state problem. Measuring the volume and time by cylinder and stopwatch isn't accurate. And when we measure the flow rate, the frequency of dropping product was varied slightly. It is connect to the second reason. We measure the flow rate at intervals of ten minutes to make a steady state. However the flow rate was different little.
④ Some assumes are applied to result. We assumed the feed is saturated liquid. But as you can see the tie line in phase map, 0.5mol% feed isn't saturated liquid completely at around 74℃. There is little vapor phase. So we don't determine the q=1 strictly. It is only assume.
, If feed is saturated liquid, entire of feed liquid go to stripping section, so LR is zero and no vapor phase. And because the feed liquid temperature is near to boiling point of methanol, Thermal effect to system can be neglected. However there is vapor phase which rises toward rectifying section actually, so Ls and F aren't equal.
⑤ Graphical analysis is rough method. The result can be changed by thickness, length, and angle of lines. In our result, we found the tray number is seven, but actually tray number is eight. So this method generates many errors. To calculate more efficiently, we endure the graphical errors. Although this method isn't accurate at laboratory scale's experiment, it is very useful for engineering to estimate the process of distillation in industry.
8. Reference
- Chemical Engineering Design and Analysis, 139p~185p, T.Michael Duncan and Jeffrey A.Reimer
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory Ⅱ, SungKyunKwan Univ. chemical Engineering.
- Introduction to Distillation, http://Iorien.ncl.ac.uk/ming/distil/distil0.htm
- http://www.wikipedia.org

키워드

증류탑,   distillation,   tower,   distillation tower,   distillation column,   column,   디스틸레이션칼럼,   증류